Cell Biology
RSS feed
Human NK Cell Development Requires CD56-mediated Motility and Formation of the Developmental Synapse
While distinct stages of natural killer (NK) cell development have been defined, the molecular interactions that shape human NK cell maturation are poorly understood. Here we define intercellular…Read article
Actin-Dependent Vacuolar Occupancy of the Cell Determines Auxin-Induced Growth Repression
The cytoskeleton is an early attribute of cellular life, and its main components are composed of conserved proteins. The actin cytoskeleton has a direct impact on the control of cell size in animal…Read article
Variety of RNAs in Peripheral Blood Cells, Plasma, and Plasma Fractions
Human peripheral blood contains RNA in cells and in extracellular membrane vesicles, microvesicles and exosomes, as well as in cell-free ribonucleoproteins. Circulating mRNAs and noncoding RNAs, being…Read article
The Bif-1-Dynamin 2 Membrane Fission Machinery Regulates Atg9-Containing Vesicle Generation at the Rab11-Positive Reservoirs
Application example of HyVolution Super-Resolution - Atg9 is a multispanning transmembrane protein that is required for autophagosome formation. During autophagy, vesicles containing Atg9 are…Read article
Super-Resolution Optical Microscopy of Lipid Plasma Membrane Dynamics
Plasma membrane dynamics are an important ruler of cellular activity, particularly through the interaction and diffusion dynamics of membrane-embedded proteins and lipids. FCS (fluorescence…Read article
Adeno-associated Viral Vectors do not Efficiently Target Muscle Satellite Cells
Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors are becoming an important tool for gene therapy of numerous genetic and other disorders. Several recombinant AAV vectors (rAAV) have the ability to transduce…Read article
The Actin Cytoskeleton Modulates the Activation of iNKT Cells by Segregating CD1d Nanoclusters on Antigen-Presenting Cells
The ability of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells to recognize endogenous antigens represents a distinct immune recognition strategy, which underscores the constitutive memory phenotype of iNKT…Read article
Highly Selective Fluorescent and Colorimetric Probe for Live-cell Monitoring of Sulphide Based on Bioorthogonal Reaction
H2S is the third endogenously generated gaseous signaling compound and has also been known to involve a variety of physiological processes. To better understand its physiological and pathological…Read article
TFG Promotes Organization of Transitional ER and Efficient Collagen Secretion
Collagen is the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom. It is of fundamental importance during development for cell differentiation and tissue morphogenesis as well as in pathological processes…Read article
The Bimodally Expressed MicroRNA miR‐142 Gates Exit from Pluripotency
A stem cell's decision to self‐renew or differentiate is thought to critically depend on signaling cues provided by its environment. It is unclear whether stem cells have the intrinsic capacity to…Read article
Cross-strand Binding of TFAM to a Single mtDNA Molecule Forms the Mitochondrial Nucleoid
Scientists from three Max Planck Institutes have gained fundamental insights into the organization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The researchers observed in high-resolution images gained with nobel…Read article
Fluorescent Proteins Illuminate Cell Biology
Green fluorescent protein (GFP) isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria and GFP-like fluorescent proteins from other animals have had an important role in the technical innovations that have…Read article
Cortical Actin Networks Induce Spatio-temporal Confinement of Phospholipids in the Plasma Membrane – A Minimally Invasive Investigation by STED-FCS
Important discoveries in the last decades have changed our view of the plasma membrane organisation. Specifically, the cortical cytoskeleton has emerged as a key modulator of the lateral diffusion of…Read article
Correlating Intravital Multi-Photon Microscopy to 3D Electron Microscopy of Invading Tumor Cells Using Anatomical Reference Points
Cancer research unsing multiphoton microscopy and 3D electron microscopy. Correlative microscopy combines the advantages of both light and electron microscopy to enable imaging of rare and transient…Read article
Axon Injury and Regeneration in the Adult Drosophila
Neural regeneration is a fascinating process with profound impact on human health, such that defining biological and genetic pathways is of interest. Here we describe an in vivo preparation for…Read article
ICln: A New Regulator of Non-Erythroid 4.1R Localisation and Function
To optimise the efficiency of cell machinery, cells can use the same protein (often called a hub protein) to participate in different cell functions by simply changing its target molecules. There are…Read article
Defect Transport Mechanism Leads to Shortened Chromosome Ends
Scientists at the University of Göttingen have deciphered the biogenesis of an enzyme complex whose role is to ensure that the ends of chromosomes are not shortened during the cell division process…Read article
Super-resolution Molecular and Functional Imaging of Nanoscale Architectures in Life and Materials Science
Super-resolution (SR) fluorescence microscopy has been revolutionizing the way in which we investigate the structures, dynamics, and functions of a wide range of nanoscale systems. In this review, I…Read article
Establishment and Characterization of an Omasal Epithelial Cell Model Derived from Dairy Calves for the Study of Small Peptide Absorption
The objective of this study was to establish a primary culture of omasal epithelial cells (OECs) derived from dairy calves and to characterize its function in small peptide absorption. Bovine omasal…Read article
Glucose-Stimulated Calcium Dynamics in Islets of Langerhans in Acute Mouse Pancreas Tissue Slices
In endocrine cells within islets of Langerhans calcium ions couple cell stimulation to hormone secretion. Since the advent of modern fluorimetry, numerous in vitro studies employing primarily isolated…Read article
Functional Connectivity in Islets of Langerhans from Mouse Pancreas Tissue Slices
We propose a network representation of electrically coupled beta cells in islets of Langerhans. Beta cells are functionally connected on the basis of correlations between calcium dynamics of…Read article
Cellular Organization of Cortical Barrel Columns is Whisker-specific
The cellular organization of the cortex is of fundamental importance for elucidating the structural principles that underlie its functions. It has been suggested that reconstructing the structure and…Read article
The Relationship Between Membrane Potential and Calcium Dynamics in Glucose-Stimulated Beta Cell Syncytium in Acute Mouse Pancreas Tissue Slices
Oscillatory electrical activity is regarded as a hallmark of the pancreatic beta cell glucose-dependent excitability pattern. Electrophysiologically recorded membrane potential oscillations in beta…Read article
From Dynamic Live Cell Imaging to 3D Ultrastructure: Novel Integrated Methods for High Pressure Freezing and Correlative Light-Electron Microscopy
To correlate dynamic events in adherent cells with both ultrastructural and 3D information, we developed a method for cultured cells that combines confocal time-lapse images of GFP-tagged proteins…Read article
Imaging Enzymes at Work
For the understanding of functions of proteins in biological and pathological processes, reporter molecules such as fluorescent proteins have become indispensable tools for visualizing the location of…Read article
Taking the Long View
In exploring how embryos take shape, John Wallingford has identified a key pathway involved in vertebrate development – and human disease.Read article
Order versus Disorder
In modern biomaterial design the generation of an environment mimicking some of the extracellular matrix features is envisaged to support molecular cross-talk between cells and scaffolds during tissue…Read article
Quantitative Imaging in Cell Biology: Light Sheet Microscopy
This chapter introduces the concept of light sheet microscopy along with practical advice on how to design and build such an instrument. Selective plane illumination microscopy is presented as an…Read article
Organotypic Cerebellar Cultures: Apoptotic Challenges and Detection
Organotypic cultures of neuronal tissue were first introduced by Hogue in 1947 and have constituted a major breakthrough in the field of neuroscience. Since then, the technique was developed further…Read article
High Data Output and Automated 3D Correlative Light–Electron Microscopy Method
Correlative light/electron microscopy (CLEM) allows the simultaneous observation of a given subcellular structure by fluorescence light microscopy (FLM) and electron microscopy. The use of this…Read article