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Intraoperative OCT-Assisted Surgical Management of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy

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Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a plague to patients and their surgeons after recent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). Despite excellent initial surgical outcomes, it is the most common cause of recurrent RD, frequently reducing the patient’s best final visual outcome [1]. Even in eyes that did not initially have macular detachment, the retina rapidly detaches again after prior vitrectomy, often involving the macula, and may require multiple surgeries to maintain a permanently attached retina. There is currently no conventional prophylaxis against PVR, although several pharmacologic agents have been trialed [2-5]. 

Introduction

PVR surgery is especially challenging for a host of reasons, including the reduced countertraction for membrane removal against detached retina, the risk for creating additional retinal holes, hemorrhage, or inflammation that can generate new PVR, and the high likelihood of requiring prone positioning postoperatively to keep the retina attached. PVR may appear as prominent, white, fibrotic tissue with infolding of adjacent retina creating a classic “star fold” appearance. It may also manifest as thin sheets without obvious distortion. Incomplete removal of PVR may prevent retinal attachment or lead to recurrent RD after silicone oil tamponade is removed. Therefore, PVR should be removed as completely as possible to maximize the chances for permanent retinal attachment.  

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Read more about surgical management of PVR and see video of how Dr. Sisk treated a traumatic retinal detachment utilizing intraoperative OCT on the Proveo 8 surgical microscope.

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References

  1. Idrees, S., MD, Sridhar, J., MD, & Kuriyan, A. E., MD. (2019). Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: A Review. International Ophthalmology Clinics, 59(1), 221-240. doi:10.1097/iio.0000000000000258
  2. Khan, M. A., Brady, C. J., & Kaiser, R. S. (2015). Clinical Management Of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy. Retina, 35(2), 165-175. doi:10.1097/iae.0000000000000447
  3. Pastor, J., MD. (1998). Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: An Overview. Survey of Ophthalmology, 43(1), 3-18. doi:10.1016/s0039-6257(98)00023-x
  4. Dai, Y., Dai, C., & Sun, T. (2020). Inflammatory mediators of proliferative vitreoretinopathy: Hypothesis and review. International Ophthalmology, 40(6), 1587-1601. doi:10.1007/s10792-020-01325-4
  5. Chaudhary, R., Scott, R. A., Wallace, G., Berry, M., Logan, A., & Blanch, R. J. (2020). Inflammatory and Fibrogenic Factors in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Development. Translational Vision Science & Technology, 9(3). doi:10.1167/tvst.9.3.23
  6. Takahashi, H., MD, Uramoto, K., MD, & Ohno-Matsui, K., MD. (2020). Ultra-Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography For Retinal Detachment With Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy. RETINAL Cases & Brief Reports, Publish Ahead of Print. doi:10.1097/icb.0000000000000980

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