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Golgi Organizational Changes in Response to Cell Stress

New insights into drug effects to better understand the role of the Golgi complex in cancer pathology – MicaCam Episode 06 - Video On Demand

Untreated Hela Kyoto cells stained to show the nucleus (Hoechst, blue), the cis-golgi matrix protein GM130 (AF488, green), and the trans-golgi network membrane protein TGN46 (AF647, red). Untreated_Hela_Kyoto_cells_acquired_on_Mica_using_THUNDER_grade_processing.jpg

In this episode of MicaCam, our special guest George Galea from EMBL Heidelberg looks at HeLa Kyoto cells treated with various chemotherapeutic agents to investigate their effect on the Golgi complex and the cell nucleus organization and positioning. The Golgi complex is an important homeostasis hub, where a multitude of signaling pathways and essential cellular processes intersect. The structure and the organization of the organelle is critical for its function and the overall health of the cell.

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Key Learnings

  • How the Golgi morphology in a cell population differs in response to various types of cell stress
  • How to classify the different Golgi organizational conformations using widefield and confocal microscopy 
  • How to set up a screening pipeline to study the architecture of the organelle

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Speakers

Dr. George Galea
Researcher – Pepperkok Team, EMBL Heidelberg

George is a researcher working in Pepperkok team at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in Heidelberg, Germany. His research focuses on understanding how the Golgi complex interacts with other organelles to coordinate various cellular processes in response to physiologically relevant cues such as DNA damage events. To better understand these processes, he applies multi-omic approaches including high-throughput imaging to dissect the Golgi structure organization and DNA repair mechanics.

Dr. Lynne Turnbull

Dr. Lynne Turnbull, Senior Application Manager – Leica Microsystems

Lynne is a Senior Application Manager at Leica Microsystems. She received her PhD in Sydney Australia in cardiac biophysics and undertook postdoctoral training in San Francisco and Melbourne. Upon moving to the University of Technology Sydney, Lynne established and managed the Microbial Imaging Facility. Lynne joined Leica Microsystems in 2021 as a Senior Application Manager and is based at the EMBL IC in Heidelberg.

The Experiment

MicaCam Episode 06 – original broadcast date: 29th June 2022

Lynne Turnbull+George Galea

In this episode of MicaCam, George Galea from EMBL Heidelberg examined the effect of 5 different chemotherapeutic agents on HeLa Kyoto cells to investigate their effect on the Golgi complex and the cell nucleus organization and positioning. 
In diseases such as cancer, traditional studies have focussed mainly on the effect of chemotherapeutic agents on the structure of the nuclei. In this episode, George explores the effect of 5 drugs that have been used for treating cancer on the Golgi apparatus and demonstrates how the Golgi complex changes structure in response. Some drugs made the Golgi to enlarge or form a crescent C-shaped structure around the nucleus. One drug caused the Golgi complex to go from its well-known cisternae appearance to scattered punctate structures, with the most remarkable finding that the cis-trans orientation is completely preserved. These new insights into the effects of drugs will lead to better understanding of the role of the Golgi complex in cancer pathology and how it contributes to both the disease and treatment process.

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Untreated Hela Kyoto cells stained to show the nucleus (Hoechst, blue), the cis-golgi matrix protein GM130 (AF488, green), and the trans-golgi network membrane protein TGN46 (AF647, red)
Untreated Hela Kyoto cells stained to show the nucleus (Hoechst, blue), the cis-golgi matrix protein GM130 (AF488, green), and the trans-golgi network membrane protein TGN46 (AF647, red). Images were acquired on Mica with HC PL APO CS2 63x/1.20 water objective using THUNDER grade and processing with +7 sample protection. Sample courtesy: George Galea, Pepperkok group, EMBL Heidelberg.

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